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Key
Stages 3 and 4
Pupils develop their understanding of their role as global
citizens and extend their knowledge of the wider world. Their
understanding of issues such as poverty, social justice and
sustainable development increases and they realise the importance
of taking action to improve the world for future generations.
They critically assess information available to them and challenge
cases of discrimination and injustice.
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English: where pupils study the media and read texts from
different cultures and traditions.
• By doing this they can critically assess what they see and hear.
They can learn to recognise and challenge stereotyping and bias
in news reporting about developing countries. They can also develop
their understanding of global issues through literature.
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Schools across the country have used travel writing, holiday
brochures, poetry from other cultures and media representation
to explore issues around tourism in developing countries.
These materials are available in the ‘Looking Beyond the Brochure’
video pack produced by Tourism Concern (www.tourismconcern.org.uk),
with support from DFID.
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Mathematics:
where pupils learn about number and algebra, shape, space and measures
and handling data. They learn how widely mathematics is used and applied
in the technological world.
• By doing this they can use mathematics as a language of communication
with young people around the world. They can apply their mathematical
skills to interpreting statistics relevant to international current
affairs such as international debt and fair trade.
Science:
where pupils learn about the effects humans have on the world and
the need for diversity and protection. They explore the cultural contexts
that may affect the extent to which scientific theories are accepted.
Opportunities exist within science to use data from different parts
of the world.
• By doing this they can appreciate the international nature of science
and the contribution scientists from all over the world have made.
They can also address some of the ethical issues that arise over the
use and misuse of science globally.
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GCSE
pupils at a school in Norwich regularly undertake a project
where they compare the production of bread in the UK and India.
This raises a wide range of issues including agriculture,
environment, energy, transport, food preservation and storage,
nutrition and economics while highlighting some of the disparities
between lifestyles in less developed and more developed countries.
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Design
and technology: where pupils explore
the effects of technology on the development of societies and the
pupils’ own lives. • By doing this they can develop an understanding
of social, environmental and sustainable development issues and explore
ways in which the world can be improved. They can learn how the trading
neighbourhood is the whole planet and that all communities, however
remote, are potentially helped by global trade.
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GCSE
pupils at a girls’ school in Birmingham were set the task
of producing flash cards to communicate safety issues around
the use of electricity in developing countries. Pupils researched
ways in which this information could be communicated, taking
account of potential problems such as illiteracy. They also
considered cultural issues such as the use of the colour red
to communicate danger and whether this convention was understood
everywhere. Through this project pupils learnt ways in which
the quality of life can be improved and to consider the needs
and wants of people from different cultures.
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ICT:
where pupils use ICT to share and exchange information effectively,
and work with others to carry out and evaluate their work. They reflect
critically on the impact of ICT on their own and others’ lives, considering
the social, economic, political, legal, ethical and moral issues involved.
• By doing this they can enter into contact with young people in other
countries and gain access to ideas and experiences in a wide range
of communities and cultures. They can gain an understanding of the
significance of ICT for developing countries and the opportunities
and challenges which it presents.
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Five schools
in Birmingham have set up an internet link with five schools
in the South African province of Gauteng (which incorporates
Soweto) aimed at encouraging young people to use the internet
as a medium for learning and communication, and bridging cultural
divides. The project is designed to have direct relevance
to the national curriculum of both countries, with pupils
and staff regularly exchanging ideas and information on a
range of subjects as diverse as geography, art and design,
tourism and international relations as well as ICT. It is
backed by Birmingham City Council, DFID and Wits University
in Johannesburg.
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History:
where pupils learn about key aspects of world history and develop
their understanding of the connections between events in different
societies and cultures. They carry out two world studies, one before
and one after 1900.
• By doing this pupils can explore some of the causes of world poverty,
conflict, immigration and refugee peoples. They can bring in a global
perspective through the study of trade, slavery, empire, colonialism
and the Commonwealth; and they can learn to appreciate the different
perspectives on events when seen from different standpoints.
Geography: where pupils study people, places and environments
in different parts of the world and different states of economic development.
• By doing this they can appreciate the role of values and attitudes,
including their own, by considering topical issues such as aid, interdependence,
international trade, population and disasters.
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As part
of their work on sustainable development and tropical rainforests,
a range of secondary schools have used Worldaware’s ‘Global
Eye’ magazine to learn about the Iwokrama International Centre
for Rainforest Conservation and Development in Guyana. The
centre is a unique project looking at how rainforests can
be developed in a sustainable way, and study of the centre
offers pupils an excellent opportunity to see what a less
economically developed country is doing to help manage one
of the world’s most endangered ecosystems. Information about
the project is available both in the magazine and via its
online version, Global Eye News (www.globaleye.org.uk),
which includes an ICT project for schools, based on the centre.
The website also showcases students’ material and features
answers from the director of the project to questions sent
to him by UK schools.
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Modern foreign languages: where pupils increase their cultural
awareness using materials from other countries and communities. These
countries can include those in the wider world where the language
may be spoken, such as French in West Africa, Spanish in Central and
South America, and German in Namibia. Opportunities exist for direct
contact with native speakers, and for topical material provided by
partner schools to be used. Pupils may be offered the opportunity
to learn a non-European language such as Urdu, Arabic or Bengali.
• By doing this they can learn about other cultures through language
and develop positive attitudes towards non-English speakers.
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Year
11 pupils at a special school in York celebrated the 50th
anniversary of the declaration of human rights with an e-mail
link to a school in France. Pupils in both countries studied
the declaration before putting together a list of their own
rights, which they then shared with each other. Incorporated
in the work they did was work on the rights of street children
in Kenya and Mexico. Teachers developed materials to raise
awareness of the rights of other children whilst reinforcing
linguistic concepts, as all the work was done through the
medium of French.
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Art
and design: where pupils analyse and evaluate how ideas, beliefs
and values are represented in different cultures and traditions, and
develop knowledge and understanding of the diverse purposes and audiences
of artists, craftspeople and designers from Western Europe and the
wider world. They explore the ways in which artists working in different
cultures produce images, symbols and objects to convey meaning.
• By doing this they can learn to appreciate the rich variety and
diversity of art and design and extend their knowledge of different
cultures.
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Year 10
pupils at a South London secondary school visited the Horniman
Museum and researched African artefacts including textiles
and masks. In particular they learnt about the cultural significance
of Adinkra symbols used by the Ashanti in Ghana which provide
‘a code of living’. They compared these symbols with those
used in other cultures and interpreted their research in their
own creative work, drawing on their own cultural background.
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Music:
where pupils learn about, and learn to appreciate, music from different
times and cultures.
• By doing this they can learn about the roots of contemporary popular
music, which can help many pupils develop a greater sense of their
own identity.
PE: where pupils learn to compose, perform and prepare dances
from a range of different cultures and traditions. Pupils engage in
sports played globally and this provides a universal communication
through festivals and world-wide games.
• By doing this they can develop an understanding through dance of
historical and social contexts of different cultures.
Citizenship: where pupils learn about human rights, the media,
the diverse nature of society in the United Kingdom and globally,
and the need for mutual respect and understanding. They learn about
the role and work of national and international organisations, and
the importance of resolving conflict fairly, and develop the skills
to discuss and debate topical issues. They learn to consider others’
experiences.
• By doing this they can become informed citizens and understand
the world as a global community. They can learn about global governance
and address such issues as international development and why it
matters. They can develop their interest in topical, global issues
and can become willing to take action and actively participate to
improve the world.
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Schools
in the Manchester area participate regularly in an Earth Summit
Day organised by the Development Education Project. They role
play delegates discussing issues around development and the
environment. In the schools’ Earth Summit Day each class takes
on roles representing the summit organisers, the international
press, multinational corporations, development organisations
and geographical regions. Discussions centre around questions
such as ‘how can international trade become fairer for all
countries?’ and ‘how can we develop sustainable use of the
world’s resources?’ Pupils gain an understanding of north-south
inequalities and sustainable development as well as developing
their skills of debating, presentation and co-operation.
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PSHE: where pupils learn about the effects of stereotyping
and prejudice and how to challenge them assertively. They learn to
recognise the importance of goodwill in relationships.
• By doing this they can develop their confidence and willingness
to empathise with people different from themselves.
RE: where pupils learn about and from the beliefs of different
people throughout the world.
• By doing this they can enhance their spiritual, moral, social and
cultural development and their sense of themselves as part of a global
community.
Wider school activities
Whole-school policy
Many schools have developed their own whole school policy to show
not only how a global dimension is incorporated across the curriculum
but also how it has become part of the whole school ethos. This might
include looking at how the school provides a basis for the spiritual,
moral, social and cultural development of its pupils, and how understanding
and respect are promoted.
These issues, as well as specific subject opportunities, can be expressed
in mission statements and clearly incorporated within the school development
plan. This helps to ensure that a global dimension features in all
aspects of the school’s work as well as being demonstrated through
displays and exhibitions around the school, and being discussed in
assemblies and collective worship.
Many schools have found that by conducting an audit they discover
a range of ways in which they have already incorporated a global dimension
in their teaching and more generally, as well as opportunities for
developing this further.
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At a Junior
School in Kingston-upon-Thames the Global Education Policy
states that “By ensuring a global perspective to our work
we can widen the horizons of our pupils, both to their own
multicultural society and the world at large, fostering skills
of tolerance, co-operation and understanding.” The policy
outlines strategies the school adopts to support global education
which include international school links, contact with students
and teachers from other countries, the use of local development
education agencies and multicultural weeks.
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School
linking
The
life and work of schools can be greatly enriched through a link with
a school in a less economically developed country. Direct contact
with school communities overseas does not simply offer opportunities
for research and exchange of knowledge - it can bring development
issues vividly to life.
As well as this, exchanging ideas with teachers and pupils on an equal
basis, whether it is about science, environmental issues, the arts,
or culture, can challenge the stereotyped, ‘problem oriented’ image
of people in less affluent countries and thereby contributes to education
in values and attitudes in a multicultural global society. It also
provides a basis for broadening subject teaching areas to incorporate
wider global input and perspectives.
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A junior
school in Slough initiated a link in response to a request
from a school in Delhi. Over 90% of the pupils at the Slough
school are of Asian ethnic origin and the partnership was
seen as one way to help children stay in touch with their
cultural roots. It was also hoped that the link would enable
teachers to have a closer understanding of the children’s
cultural background and a better knowledge of some of their
customs and practices. Through developing close links on a
one to one basis, using both the Internet and mail, the participating
children and teachers developed a global perspective, and
an ongoing dialogue was created. The project also provided
an opportunity to do focused ICT work, including use of the
Internet. More recently, the links have also been useful in
other areas of the curriculum, such as studying the weather,
and in examining attitudes to moral issues under PSE.
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The Castle
Cary–Mufulira partnership was initiated in 1991, and built
upon an established link between the diocese of Bath and Wells
and the Anglican diocese of Northern Zambia. Over the years
a number of reciprocal visits between the two schools have
enabled 102 staff, students and parents to participate in
reciprocal exchanges. Each exchange focuses on a specific
area of the curriculum and materials and activities are developed
with the staff and students involved. In this way the curriculum
in almost every subject area has been enriched, from Science
to Religious Education, and from Art to PE. A video and booklet
has been produced which features work by a joint drama group
incorporating both English and Zambian traditions, learnt
from visiting local schools and drama groups. The project
is managed by a working group and features strongly in the
school’s development plan. The link between secondary schools
has now extended to the feeder primaries and continues to
spread into the community.
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Whole-school
and community activities
One of the most exciting aspects of an enhanced global dimension is
the opportunity it provides for whole school activities. These can
range from activities taking place in just one school, like an ‘International
Day’, to a co-ordinated effort involving a number of different schools,
as well as the wider community. There are also opportunities to involve
parents and local organisations by inviting them to contribute their
knowledge and experience of the wider world in assemblies and as part
of classroom discussions.
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Over
4,000 school children took part in the Norfolk and Norwich
Millennium Children’s Our World Festival in Summer 2000. The
performance, displays and activities for the festival day
were the culmination of an extensive programme of classroom
workshops, with teachers and pupils working together with
local artists from other countries. The project, which was
run by Norfolk Education and Action for Development and supported
by Norfolk LEA, aimed to promote a greater sense of global
citizenship and sustainable development amongst young people
in Norfolk, and to develop practical strategies to enable
schools to continue their work in the future.
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Resources
and support
Material resources
The National Grid for Learning contains a database of good quality
materials that can help teachers of all subjects, and at all key stages,
bring a global dimension into their teaching. The database can be
found at www.globaldimension.org.uk
and information on how to obtain printed copies of these resources
is also given in the site.
In addition to those organisations that produce and make available
their own materials, the following produce mail order catalogues containing
a wide range of materials from different organisations:
Worldaware
31-35 Kirby Street London
EC1N 8TE
Tel: 020 7831 3844
Email: education@worldaware.org.uk
www.worldaware.org.uk
Oxfam
274 Banbury Road
Oxford OX2 7DZ
Tel: 01865 313600
Email: oxfam@oxfam.org.uk
www.oxfam.org.uk/coolplanet/
Reading International Solidarity Centre (RISC)
35-39 London Street
Reading RG1 4PS
Tel: 0118 958 6692
Email: risc@risc.org.uk
www.risc.org.uk
Development Education Dispatch Unit (DEDU)
153 Cardigan Road
Leeds LS6 1LJ
Tel: 0113 278 4030
Email: dedu@leedsdec.demon.co.uk
www.leedsdec.demon.co.uk
More generally, the Department for International Development (DFID)
publishes a wide range of country and institutional strategy papers
(CSPs / ISPs), issue/briefing notes, and research and specialist publications,
as well as some material produced specifically for schools. All of
these are available free of charge on request.
For further information, contact
DFID’s Public Enquiry Point:
Tel: 0845 300 4100
Email: enquiry@dfid.gov.uk
www.dfid.gov.uk
Organisations
There are a range of organisations at local and national level which
specialise in supporting global perspectives in schools. Their activities
include running workshops offering professional development opportunities
for teachers, and providing information on school linking, resources
and funding.
The Development Education Association was formed in 1993 to support
and promote the work of all those engaged in raising awareness of,
and bringing about a better public understanding of global and development
issues in the UK. It is a national umbrella body working in partnership
with over 240 member organisations, including a network of local development
education centres (DECs), in the UK and overseas. It also works closely
with development education networks in Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland.
For further information, contact:
Development Education Association
Third Floor
29-31 Cowper Street
London
EC2A 4AT
Tel: 020 7490 8108
Fax: 020 7490 8123
Email: devedassoc@gn.apc.org
www.dea.org.uk
The Central Bureau for International Education and Training
is the UK agency for the development of an international dimension
in education and training. It offers information and professional
advice on educational exchange and administers a wide range of international
programmes and professional development activities. The Central Bureau
is funded by the UK Education Departments and the Department for International
Development, and is a division of The British Council, the United
Kingdom’s international organisation for educational and cultural
relations. The Central Bureau coordinates a network of Resource Centres
and Regional In-service Training Networks.
The Central Bureau can provide assistance to schools wishing to find
and establish a link with a partner school. Some funding is available
to enable teachers to carry out initial reciprocal visits and develop
joint curriculum projects. The Bureau also provides a range of opportunities
for teachers to extend their professional development through exchanges
and study visits and in-service training.
For further information, contact the Central Bureau or visit its linking
websites:
Central Bureau for International Education and Training
The British Council
10 Spring Gardens
London SW1A 2BN
Tel: 020 7389 4247
Fax: 020 7389 4426
www.centralbureau.org.uk
Windows on the World - offers help with partner finding.www.wotw.org.uk
Montage - provides a series of interactive curriculum projects involving
many countries worldwide. www.montage.edu.au
The importance of a global dimension to the curriculum has also been
acknowledged by a growing number of Local Education Authorities and
many now have policies relating to the international dimension. In
some cases there is a designated officer with responsibility for supporting
schools developing work in this area.
For further information, contact your LEA (details of contact persons
in each LEA are available from the Central Bureau).
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“For us
an important aspect of our global week is to challenge stereotypical
images of other places and cultures. We aim to portray a more
balanced view, seeing the positive as well as the negative,
and highlighting similarity as well as difference. The potential
of a global approach is just beginning to dawn on us.”
(John Caine, Teacher at Holly Lodge School, Birmingham)
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“Raising
global issues brings a contemporary resonance. It helps us
to see the context of a situation at the time, and to develop
an empathy with those involved.”
(Paul Bracey, Teacher at Park View School, Birmingham)
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‘…our children want to write, to research, and read about Ghana –
they certainly want to come to school. It’s an all-round motivation
evident in subjects such as Geography, History and Maths.’
(Sue Alton, Head of Wandle Primary School, London)
“As a teacher I knew that the young children I taught responded to
opportunities to learn about issues related to fairness in the world.
Children understand about neighbourhood, about thinking globally and
acting locally.”
(Glenys Kinnock, speaking at the TIDE Broadening Horizons Conference
in Birmingham, June 1997)
‘Since we expanded the number of international projects that we have
been involved in, our academic achievement has risen year by year.’
(Michael Carding, Head of Bishop Heber School, Cheshire)
Copies of this document can be obtained from
DfEE publications
Tel 0845 60 222 60
Fax 0845 60 333 60
Textphone 0845 60 555 60
e-mail: dfee@prologistics.co.uk
DFID Public Enquiry Point
Tel 0845 300 4100
e-mail: enquiry@dfid.gov.uk
Development Education Association
Tel 020 7490 8128
Fax 020 7490 8123
e-mail: devedassoc@gn.opc.org
Central Bureau for International Education and Training
Tel 020 7389 4964
Fax 020 7389 4426
e-mail: cblon.information@britishcouncil.org
ISBN ref no. 1 86192 204 3
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